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| b;sydih |
| fixlv.,mqr rdcOdksh fyj;a lkao Wvrg uykqjr rdcOdksh |
uqyqÿ uÜgfuka óg¾ 488'6 la muK Wiska l÷ j<,a,lska jgj uyje,s k§ ;Srfhys msysá fixlv.,mqr rdcOdksh fyj;a lkao Wvrg uykqjr rdcOdksh isxy,fha wjika rdcOdkshhs' Ôjudk nqÿrcdKka jykafia f,i ie,flk w;smQckSh YS% odGd Od;=ka jykafia wo olajd ksremøs;j jevisák mska ìu o fuh jkafkah' isxy,fha wd.ñl" ixialD;sl Wreuh yd isxy,hkaf.a cd;sl ksoyi È.= l,la hy;ska /l.;af;ao fixlv.,mqr rdcOdkshhs'
fi!uH foaY.=Kfhka yd iqkaor mßirhlska o" lDIs Ôú;hg w;HdjYH c,h o we;s fuu N+ñfhys iajNdúl wdrlaIl /ljrKh o ;snQfhka wNskj rdcOdkshla msysgqjd .ekSug fya;=úh'
.ïm, rdc mrmqf¾ ;=kajk úl%undyq rcq ^l%s' j' 1357 - 1375& úiska bÈl<ehs ie,flk fixlv., mqr rdcOdksh Tyqf.a wkqm%dma;sl fiakd iïu; úl%undyq rc;=ud ^l%s' j' 1473 - 1511& iajlSh w. k.rh lr.;a nj;a uQ,dY%hkaf.ka fy<sfõ'
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fuu rdcOdksfha wdrïNh ms<sn|j ckm%jdo lSmhlau mj;S' |
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fixLKav kue;s n%dyauKfhl=f.a kñka fï k.rh bÈjQ njg;a" |
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| 02 |
;=kajk úl%undyq rc;=udf.a w.ufyish jQ fixLKavd kï foaúh kñka fuu k.rh bÈjQ njg;a" |
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| 03 |
fuys ;snQ fixlv., kï rla; j¾K mdIdKhla uq,a fldg fuku ;enqKq njg;a we;s ckm%jdo bka lSmhls' Bg wu;rj my; oelafjk ckm%jdohka o fuu k.rfha bosùu iïnkaOfhka mj;S' |
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Wvj;a; lef,a .,a f,kl jdih l< fixLKav kï nuqfKl=g kfhl= iy uq.áfhl= w;r flreKq igkla olakg ,eî we;' u| fõ,djlska uq.áhd khd w;yer m,d.sh whqre oel fuh chìula njg rcqg oekajQfhka fixlv., kñka fuu k.rh bÈ lsÍug fya;= jQ nj tla ckm%jdohl i|yka fõ'
;j;a ckm%jdohlska ovhï lrejka msßila ydfjl= ¨yqne| .sh w;r miqj ydjd úiska ovhï lrejka ¨yqne£u ksid kel;a lrejka fuu isoaêh úuid n,d th chìula njg rcqg okajd fuys w.k.rh bÈlr jQ nj lshefõ'
Wvj;a; lef,a jdih l< tla;rd n%dyauKfhl= ish f,k wi,ska wiq,d.;a .,a leg lSmhlska tla .,a leghla úis l< úg wi< m÷rlska iqÿ ydfjl= o" ;j;a .,a leghla úisl< úg isjf,l= o ueù uo ÿrla isj,d úiska ydjd ¨yqne`o .sho fuu N+ñhg ,`.djQ úg iqÿ ydjd isj,d miqmi t<jd hk o¾Ykhla olakg ,eî we;' tu.ska fuh chìula nj oek tys w.k.rh bÈlr jQ nj ;j;a u;hlska m<fõ'
jdia;= úoHd;aulj N+ñh ms<sn| l< mÍlaIKhl§ m<uqj iqÿ ueá o" fojkqj je,s o" f;jkqj c,h o" isõfjkqj iqÿ leianEfjl= o oel fuh w. k.rh bÈlsÍug iqÿiq chìula f,i y÷kdf.k wNskj w. k.rh bÈlsÍug ;SrKh l< njg o ckm%jdohla mj;S' |
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| fixlv.,mqr rcjre |
fixlv.,mqr rdcOdksfha Wm; .ek fukau tys rcjrekaf.a rdcH j¾Ihka ms<sn| f;dr;=re o wjq,a iy.;h' úfYaIfhka m<uqfjks úu,O¾uiQßh rc;=udg ^1592 - 1604& fmr isá rcjre iïnkaOfhka úúO u; m<ù we;' tfia jqjo ksrjq,a fia ie,lsh yels fojk Nd.fha uykqjr rdcdj,sh my; oelafjk fia fm< .eiaúh yelsh' |
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| 01 |
m<fjks úu,O¾uiQßh rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1592 - 1604& |
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fikr;a ^fiakdr;ak& rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1604 - 1635& |
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fofjks rdcisxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1635 - 1687& |
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fofjks úu,O¾uiQßh rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1687 - 1707& |
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ùr mrdl%u kf¾kao%isxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1707 - 1739& |
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Y%S úch rdcisxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1739 - 1747& |
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lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1747 - 1781& |
| 08 |
Y%S rdcdêrdcisxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1781 - 1798& |
| 09 |
Y%S úl%u rdcisxy rc;=ud |
^l%s' j' 1798 - 1815& |
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by; rdcdj,sfha ùrmrdl%u kf¾kao%isxy rc;=ud wjidk isxy, rcq f,i ie,fla' Y%S úch rdcisxy rc;=udf.a isg Y%S úl%u rdcisxy rc;=ud olajd rcjre isõfokdu kdhlald¾ jxYslfhdah'
rc;=ud wêlrK l%shdj,sfha yd rdcH md,kfha by< n,Odßhd úh' kS;sh l%shd;aul jQfha Tyqf.a leue;a; mßÈh' ;;a;ajh tfia jqjo rdcHfha isß;a úß;a iïm%odhkag wkqj rcq l%shd l< hq;= jQfhka Tyqf.a n,;, j, lsishï iSudjla o we;súh'
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| rdcH ks,Odßyq' |
rc;=udf.a ld¾hh uKav,fha m%Odk ks,Odßka fofokd jQfha m,af,a.ïmy uy wÈldrï yd Wv.ïmy uywÈldrïh' uyks,fï kñka yeÈkajQ fuu fofokdg iudk n,;, ;snqKq kuq;a m,af,a.ïmy wÈldrïg uq,a;ek ,eìK' k.rfha wdrlaIdj ms<sn|j j.lSu Ndrj isá uywÈldrïjre uykvqj kñka ye¢ka jQ wNshdpkdêlrKfha o idudðlfhda jQy' Y%S úl%u rdcisxy rc;=ud ishm;a;= wÈldrï kñka ;=kajk wÈldrï ;k;=rla o we;slf<ah'
fuu wÈldrï jrekag wu;rj Èidfõjre" rfÜ uy;ajre ^rfÜrd<& f,alïjre" fudfydÜgd,jre" uqykaÈrïjre" fldarf,ajre" úodfkajre" lxldksjre hkdÈ jYfhka yeÈkajQ ks,Odß rdYshla jQy' fudjqyq idudkH isú,a lghq;= fukau ;u ;k;=re uÜgu wkqj wêlrKuh lghq;= o bgql<y' Èidfõg ;u Èidj ;=< wêlrK yd úOdhl n,;, o mejÍ ;snqfKah' Tyqg ks,h ixfla;j;a flfrk fldähla ;snqKq w;r wdrlaIl fiajdjla o ;sìK' fmdÿ ld¾hhka bgq lrùu yd whnÿ tl;= lrjd NdKavd.drhg heùu o Èidfõ i;= ld¾hhka iuyfrls' rg kue;s md,k tallfha m%Odkshd rfÜrd< kï úh' th Èidfõ ks,hg jvd my, ks,hls' Tyqg fldähla kshñ;j ;snqfKa ke;' fldarf<a m;a;=jl m%Odkshd jQ w;r" Tyq l%shd lf<a Èidfõf.a ksfhdað;hd f,ih'
fudfydÜgd, ;k;=r fldarf<a ;k;=rg iudkh' fudfydÜgd,g yuqoduh n,;, o ;snqKq w;r" wdodhï tl;= lsÍfï ld¾hfhys o ksr; úh' úodfka hkq .ul m%Odk ks,Odßhhdh' .fï wdrlaIdj ie,iSu" fmdÿ f.dvke.s,s bÈlrùu" .ug meñfKk Wiia ks,Odßka ms<s.ekSu jeks rdcldßj, Tyq ksr; jQfhah' úodfka ,`.g isá ks,Odßhd lxldks kïúh' Tyq nÿ uqo,a tl;= lsÍfï lghq;= j,g iydh úh'
f,alïjre Tjqkg Ndr ld¾hh wkqj" uyf,alï" uäf.a f,alï" ù neoafoaf,alï" fjälaldr f,alï" fldä;=jlal= f,alï" kdkdhlaldr f,alï" l=rej f,alï" fldÜgd, noao f,alï wdÈ jYfhka yÿkajd we;' by; ks,Odßkag wu;rj i¿jvk ks,fï" Èhjvk ks,fï" fldarf<a wdrÉÑ" Wkaährd<" lgqmq,af,a" lildr" /lj,aÆ" mksúvlrefjda wdÈ kï j,ska yeÈkajQ úúO ;rd;srfï rdcH ks,Odßka msßila uykqjr rdcOdksfha rdcldß lghq;= j, ksr;j isáhy' fiajl jegqma f.ùula isÿ fkd jqjo kskao.ï" oel=ï" ovuqo,a" whnÿ jeks ud¾.j,ska wdodhï ,nd .; yels úh' by; ´kEu ;rd;srul ks,Odßfhl=f.a ;SrK iïnkaOfhka rc;=udg lkak,õ lsÍug rgjeishdg bvlv ie,iS ;snqfKah'
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| Ydiksl f;dr;=re ì|la' |
lkao Wvrg rdcOdksh iufha§ yskaÿ wd.ñl yd fjk;a ñ:Hd úYajdij, n,mEu mej;s kuqÿ nqoaOd.u ms<sn|j rg jdiska ;=< mej;sfha wp, úYajdihls' fn!oaOfhl= ùu rdcH Wreuhg w;HdjYH idOlh jYfhka ie,l+ neúka kdhlald¾ jxYsl o%úv rcrjre mjd nqoaOd.u je<o .;ay' nqoaOd.u rdcHd.u f,i i,ld m%uqL;djh ÿkay' uykqjr rcl< fndfyda rcjre NslaIq Ydikfha ÈhqKqj i|yd úYd, fufyhla bgq l<y' m<uqfjks úu,O¾uiQßh rc;=ud rlaLx. foaYfhka Wmiïmod NslaIQka jykafia,d jevujd furg NslaIQkaf.a Wmiïmod úkh l¾uh isÿlr Ydik ÈhqKqjg mqk¾Ôjhla ,nd ÿkafkah' ùrmrdl%u kf¾kao%isxy rcq irKxlr idufkar ysñkug Ydiksl fiajh i|yd rdcH wkq.%yh ,ndÿkafkah' oyï fmd;a rpkhg yd Ndú;hg Wmldr lf<ah' lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rc;=ud Wmd,s f;reka jykafia m%uqLj ishï foaYfhka NslaIQka jykafia,d úis tla kula jevujd iHdfudamiïmodj we;s lsÍug l%shd lf<ah' ix>rdc ;k;=r wdÈ Ydiksl ;k;=re we;slr je,súg msKavmd;sl wirK irK irKxlr ix>rdc iajdñkao%hka jykafiaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka ix> Ydikfhys m%fndaOhla we;s lf<ah' t;=ud oe,ajQ ioyï wf,dalh wo olajd;a mj;S' fuu rdcOdksh iufhys Y%S o<od ud,s.dj yd uydúydr jxYsl u,aj;= wia.sß WNh uydúydr uQ,ia:dk ìysùfuka Ydiksl Woa§mkh wo olajd wdrlaId lr.ekSug wjldY ie,iqfkah'
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